Informatics Publishing Limited

K. A. Gulma ¹, Y. K. E. Ibrahim ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, NG
2 Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, NG

Abstract

The study was undertaken to evaluate antibiotic prescription pattern and usage in some health institutions in Kebbi State. This retrospective analysis of antibiotic prescription was carried out by assessing patients' medical records in ve general hospitals and a private hospital located in different regions in the state. Records such as age of patients, diagnosis, types of antibiotics prescribed&duration and type of test performed before antibiotics were prescribed were collated and analyzed. The result showed that 46.10% of the patients who visited those hospitals were prescribed antibiotics. Predominantly higher proportion of adults was prescribed antibiotics than children and more males were prescribed antibiotics than females. Culture and sensitivity tests were hardly performed in the hospitals. The predominant infection requiring antibiotic prescription was gastrointestinal in nature accounting for over 25% of infections in which antibiotics were prescribed. Regrettably however, majority of prescriptions containing antibiotics did not show any specic diagnosis rather only symptoms were recorded. The vastly employed antimicrobial agents across the six health institutions were β-lactams and metronidazole; and about half of the total number of cases did not show a treatment regimen of up to ve days. However, combination therapy is very common with an average overall percentage of 62.89%.

Keywords

Infection, Antibiotic, Prescription, Culture, Sensitivity Test, Combination Therapy.

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K. A. Gulma ¹, M. Abubakar ², B. L. Mohammed ³, B. Musa ⁴, S. Nata'ala ⁵, M. I. Yusuf ⁶, N. Jibril ⁷, S. A. Abdullahi ⁸, M. S. Hashim ⁹

Affiliations
1 Pharmaceutical Services, Ministry of Health, Sokoto State, NG
2 Supply Chain Management System, Gwandal Center, Wuse II, Abuja, NG
3 Kano State Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme, C/o Ministry of Health Kano State, NG
4 Kano State Malaria Eradication Programme, C/o Ministry of Health Kano State, NG
5 Kano State Reproductive Health Department, C/o Ministry of Health Kano State, NG
6 Pharmacy Department, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kano State, NG
7 Pharmaceutical Services Department, Ministry of Health, Kano State, NG
8 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nuhu Bamalli Maternity Hospital, Kano State, NG
9 Kano State Agency for the Control of AIDS, Kano State, NG

Abstract

Purpose - The objective of this research is to assess stock of health commodities used in the management of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis in Kano State, Nigeria. This assessment will reveal the sum of stock levels available at the state warehouse and health facilities, then determining for how long they can last. Approach - Data from Logistics Management Information System (LMIS) tools for the last quarter of year 2014 were obtained and information on 'stock on hand' and 'average monthly consumption' were extracted for analysis. Computer applications- MS Word and MS Excel were used generate charts depicting month of stock that are used to explain the results. Findings - Prior to the conduct of Quarterly Stock Status Report (QSSR), the best conclusion everyone could make is either a health facility is overstocked or is out of stock. But QSSR brings a clear state-wide picture of the status of all facilities put together which forms the comprehensive outlook of the entire state. Research limitations - The limitation of this research is availability of LMIS data on consumption and stock on hand of other health commodities similar to manner HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis are recorded regularly. Practical implications - If appropriate action is taken based on the results obtained, there will be leverage of health commodities across the entire length and breadth of the state. Originality -The research is the rst of its kind in Kano and is important not only in assessment of stock status and importance of actions taken from the result thereof but is also very signicant in forecasting and quantication of health commodities.

Keywords

Stock Status, HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Month of Stock and Stock on Hand.

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